On this day in 632, the Last Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of Prophet Muhammad.
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On this day in 1765, after a campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually committed suicide.
On this day in 1796, Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais.
On this day in 1841, the U.S. Supreme Court rules in the United States v. The Amistad case that captive Africans who had seized control of the ship carrying them had been taken into slavery illegally.
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On this day in 1842, the first documented discovery of gold in California occurs at Rancho San Francisco, six years before the California Gold Rush.
On this day in 1847, the first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz.
On this day in 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.
On this day in 1954, CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy", produced by Fred Friendly.
On this day in 1959, the Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.
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On this day in 1976, 42 people die in the 1976 Cavalese cable car disaster, the worst cable-car accident to date.
On this day in 1991, massive demonstrations are held against Slobodan Milošević in Belgrade.
On this day in 1997, observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits comet Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.
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